A wave of new developments has occurred in the behavioral and cognitive
therapies that focuses on processes such as acceptance, mindfulness,
attention, or values. In this review, we describe some of these developments
and the data regarding them, focusing on information about components,
moderators, mediators, and processes of change. These “third
wave” methods all emphasize the context and function of psychological
events more so than their validity, frequency, or form, and for these
reasons we use the term “contextual cognitive behavioral therapy” to
describe their characteristics. Both putative processes, and component
and process evidence, indicate that they are focused on establishing a
more open, aware, and active approach to living, and that their positive
effects occur because of changes in these processes.
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